Hypocalcemia in the Critically Ill: A Mini-Review
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چکیده
In a balanced diet, roughly 1000 mg of calcium is ingested each day and about 200 mg is secreted in the bile and other gastrointestinal secretions. Depending on the comcentrations of circulating parathyroid hormone (PTH) and active i.25.di-(OH)D3 about 200-400 mg is absorbed from the intestine each day. The remaining calcium is excreted in the stool. Maintenance of body calcium stores depends on dietary calcium intake, absorption of the gastrintestinal tract and renal calcium excretion. PTH enhances distal tubular calcium reabsorption, independently of sodium, while proximal tubule calcium excretion is sodium dependent and coupled to phosphaturia,urinary cAMP (Cyclic Adenosine 3, 5, Monophosphate) and nephrogenous cAMP excretion.
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